新疆戈壁滩上的“测天哨兵”:平均10天遭遇一场8级以上大风******
(新春走基层)新疆戈壁滩上的“测天哨兵”：平均10天遭遇一场8级以上大风
中新网新疆福海1月12日电 (李志宏 玉素甫·吐尔公)驱车从新疆阿勒泰地区福海县城一路向东，穿过挂着雾凇的沙枣林，路过披着晨雾的村庄，挺进戈壁滩风景渐显荒凉。近日，记者探访了新疆唯一的大气本底站——中国气象局阿克达拉区域大气本底站。
位于新疆阿勒泰地区福海县的阿克达拉区域大气本底站，是新疆目前唯一的大气本底站，也是中国7个国家大气本底站之一。目前，站内有11名工作人员，8名都是“90后”，他们不仅远离城市繁华，平均每10天还要遭遇一场8级以上大风。
“因阿勒泰地区空气质量良好，且地处我国天气系统上游，2002年阿克达拉区域大气本底站被中国气象局遴选为区域大气本底站。经过10年科学论证，2012年获中国气象局正式批复。目前承担地面观测、气溶胶、反应性气体和温室气体观测等40多种常规业务。”阿克达拉区域大气本底站站长王建林说。
阿克达拉区域大气本底站承担地面观测、气溶胶、反应性气体和温室气体观测等40多种常规业务。 新疆气象局供图“阿克达拉”为哈萨克语，意为“荒凉的戈壁滩”，建设在这里的大气本底站方圆50公里皆为冲积平地和戈壁，最近的村庄也在5公里之外。王建林说，大气本底站的监测，要求在“相对清洁”的大气环境中进行，其监测结果才能代表受人为影响最小的大气。为了确保这份“相对清洁”，站里的食堂建在距离观测场300多米外的西北角，每天炒菜都要少放油，取暖和其他生活保障全都使用清洁能源。这些天气系统上游的“测天哨兵”，一年四季在戈壁滩上工作生活。
每天7时，阿克达拉区域大气本底站的“测天哨兵”们就开始工作了。由于地处偏远，停电是“家常便饭”。“每次停电，一些设备就会出现不可预料的故障，因此，我们要求观测员在停电后一分钟到岗。”王健林说。
在别人眼里，气象观测员们就是“数据的搬运工”，实则不然。根据《气象高质量发展纲要(2022—2035年)》要求，阿克达拉区域大气本底站要提升大气本底观测计量标校业务能力，完成提升温室气体观测业务质量等17项目标考核任务，颇具科技“含金量”。2022年，该站新增11台先进监测仪器，对管理、巡检、维护提出更高要求。王建林带领观测员们争分夺秒制定规范流程、熟悉仪器设备，在不到一个月的时间内让仪器发挥出应有的效益。
谈及对新年的期冀，王建林决心在这里干到退休，他的新年愿望是希望早日建成科研室，让年轻人在一个比较舒适的环境里潜心钻研业务，快速锻炼成长成才。“00后”董垠希是站里最年轻的观测员，工作不到一年的她已经加入“阿克达拉黑炭气溶胶和SO2浓度变化研究”团队，她希望瞄准气溶胶与呼吸道疾病这一方向开展相关研究，争取自己主持课题。(完)
中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾****** 中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄 由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。 麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。 一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。 此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。 作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。 美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。 这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。 从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。 两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy (ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy". The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader. Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party. On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration. On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses. Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees. As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives. But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker. CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful. This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally. Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits. From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public. Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world. The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
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